國際人權公約中文本問題之再探討：兼與司馬晉、黃旭東商榷

作者：孫世彥（中國社會科學院國際法研究所研究員）

摘要：

司馬晉和黃旭東於 2015 年發表的〈暗渡陳倉：中國給國際人權公約的考驗〉 一文，探討了聯合國人權兩公約的中文本存在的問題。對於目前在聯合國和中 國大陸一直通行的、有別於兩公約作準中文的另一套中文本，該文提出了質疑，並暗示中華人民共和國政府應對這套中文本的出現負責。然而，有諸多情況使人懷疑，這套文本出自中華人民共和國政府之手的推論是否可靠。相反，有種種跡象表明，聯合國才最有可能是這套文本的始作俑者，而中華人民共和 國只不過盲信了一直使用這套文本的聯合國人權出版物，卻未能察覺其所依賴的是贗品。這套文本的產生，有可能源自 20 世紀 70 年代早期聯合國工作人員的能力欠缺和態度疏忽，而與中華人民共和國無涉。這套文本的產生的確是一個需要解答的謎團，但對解答的探尋應該秉持客觀、公正的立場，採取嚴密、 負責的方式。

關鍵字

中國、人權、經濟社會文化權利國際公約、公民與政治權利國際公約

A Further Discussion on the Chinese Texts of the International Covenants on Human Rights: A Response to James D. Seymour & Patrick Yuk-tung Wong

Author：Sun Shiyan（Senior Researcher, Institute of International Law, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences）

Abstract：

James D. Seymour and Patrick Yuk-tung Wong published an article “China and the International Human Rights Covenants” in 2015, discussing the problems of the Chinese texts of the two United Nations Covenants on Human Rights. The article challenges the Chinese versions that are different from the authentic Chinese texts but have been prevailing in the United Nations and the People’s Republic of China, and implies that the government of the People’s Republic of China should be accountable for these versions coming into being. However, a number of circumstances would lead one to doubt if this speculation is reliable. All indications are that the United Nations is most likely their producer. The People’s Republic of China has only blindly trusted United Nations human rights publications that have always used these Chinese versions, without having been aware that what it has relied on are nothing but fakes. The appearance of these Chinese versions may well be attributed to the insufficient capability and negligent attitudes of some United Nations staff members in early 1970s, and the People’s Republic of China had nothing to do with it. How these Chinese versions came into being is indeed a mystery that requires inquiry. However, any exploration of possible answers must be done on an objective and impartial basis and in a logical and responsible way.

Keywords

China, human rights, International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

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